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  • ORC ( Organic Rankine Cycle) ​Systems

ORC ( Organic Rankine Cycle) ​Systems


Taikkiso and Nikkiso: High-Efficiency ORC Technology Systems

Taiwan widely applies Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) technology system in geothermal power generation, waste heat recovery, cold energy recovery, and renewable energy utilization. By enhancing energy efficiency, reducing electricity costs, and cutting carbon emissions, ORC has become a pivotal solution for sustainable energy. ORC systems use turbines or screw expanders to convert gas expansion into mechanical energy, driving generators with power capacities ranging from 10 kW to 2,000 kW, making them adaptable to diverse energy scenarios.

In this field, Nikkiso’s Radial Inflow Turbine stands out, optimized for high-efficiency power generation in small to medium-sized systems. With a capacity range of 5 MW to 25 MW, it supports flexible deployment through single or multiple units. Compared to traditional expanders, Nikkiso’s Radial Inflow Turbine offers the following distinct advantages:

1. High-Efficiency Design

  • Variable Geometry Design: By dynamically adjusting the turbine’s geometric structure, optimal performance is maintained under varying operating conditions.
  • Adjustable Inlet Guide Vanes: Effectively control airflow and angles to optimize energy utilization efficiency.

2. Superior Adaptability in Design

  • Internal Dynamic Adjustment Mechanism: Enables flexible tuning of operating parameters to meet varying conditions, ensuring stable operation and high-efficiency power generation.
  • Compatible with heat sources ranging from as low as 80°C to as high as 250°C (175°F to 500°F).
  • Suited for a wide range of applications, from small-to-medium systems (5 MW) to large-scale systems (25 MW), supporting flexible configurations with single or multiple units.

3. Island Mode Operation

  • The system operates independently without support from an external power grid, supplying power to specific loads.

4. Stability and Reliability

  • The design features simplicity and efficiency, ensuring stable operation and low maintenance costs.
  • It is particularly suited for handling working fluids with medium to high-pressure differentials, significantly enhancing power generation efficiency.

5. Broad Range of Applications

  • Nikkiso’s Radial Inflow Turbine is applicable to geothermal power generation, waste heat recovery, and ocean thermal energy conversion, making it especially suitable for recovering medium-to-high-temperature resources. It provides users with efficient and flexible green energy solutions.

Nikkiso’s innovative design successfully combines flexibility and high efficiency, making the Radial Inflow Turbine an indispensable key technology in Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) applications—your ultimate choice!

What is ORC and How Does It Generate Power?

The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system is a thermodynamic process that uses organic fluids instead of water vapor to extract energy from low-temperature heat sources, such as waste heat, geothermal energy, or solar power, and convert it into electricity. With lower boiling points, these fluids enable efficient operation at reduced temperatures, making ORC technology ideal for low-temperature heat recovery. Widely applied in clean energy and energy-saving solutions, ORC systems are essential for geothermal power generation and industrial waste heat recovery.

In simple terms, the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) generates power by utilizing the temperature difference between a heat source and a cold source. Low-boiling-point organic fluid evaporates in the evaporator, expands to drive a turbine, and efficiently converts low-temperature heat into electricity.

Core of ORC Technology

ORC有機朗肯循環技術核心
  • Like a water Rankine cycle, but with organic fluid
  • Fluids: Refrigrant, Pentane, Butane, Propane…
  • Specially suited for temperatures between 80°C to 250°C (175°F to 500°F)
  • Efficiency benefits at low temperature sources
  • No fresh water needed
  • Closed loop, simpler and more efficient than water steam

New Technology very low temperatures: Water-Ammonia
Binary Cycle, called “Kalina-Cycle”

ORC Technology Applications: Medium-Low Geothermal Sources

  • Suitable for heat sources between 80°C and 250°C (175°F to 500°F)
  • Single or multiple Power trains upto 5-25 Mw can go higher or lower
  • Air cooled or water cooled condensers

ORC Technology Applications: Waste Heat ​

  • Gas Turbine Exhaust
  • Gas Engine Exhaust
  • Process Heat

ORC Technology Applications: Cold Energy

  • LNG Receiving Terminals
  • The intermediate fluid  is vaporized by heat of sea water
  • Saturated vapor enters turbo expander and expands to condenser pressure
  • Liquid intermediate fluid is pumped back to evaporator

ORC Geothermal Power Plant Achievements

ORC有機朗肯循環地熱發電廠實績

Enda Tuzla GEPP – 2010

  • Location: Çanakkale, Turkey
  • The plant has 7,5 MW power capacity & produces 51.000.000 kWh yearly.
  • BOP ( Balance of Plant ) Electrical & Automation system.
  • System Software & SCADA, Engineering, Assembly, Production & Commissioning

Gurmat Efeler 2 GEPP – 2014

  • Location: Germencik, Aydın, Turkey
  • Total 22,5 MW production capacity
  • BOP (Balance of Plant) Energy Scada Automation, Process Automation (redundant PCS7 CPU 416 -5H)
  • PCS7 System and PCS7 Software and Network Integration
  • MV Cubicle network integration, Sivacon S8 Panels
  • Engineering & Installation & Supervising & Commissioning

Celikler Pamukoren 3 & 4 GEPP- 2015

  • Location: Aydın, Turkey
  • 2×24 MW production capacity
  • 154 kV 70 MVA Transformer Feeder Primer-Seconder Installation, Tests & Commissioning
  • BOP (Balance of Plant) Energy Scada Automation, Process Automation
  • 6×800 kW 690 VAC Sinamics G130 Drive Systems
  • Process Control Equipment
  • ORC MCC Panels
  • FEED PUMP Panels
  • MV Cubicle network integration
  • Engineering & Installation & Supervising & Commissioning
  • Getting approvement of the projects from Ministry of Energy

Maspo Energy – Ala-1 GEPP – 2016

  • Location: Manisa, Turkey
  • 1×10 MW Geothermal Power Plant Electrification and installation
  • Earthing design, material procurement and installation
  • LV and MV switchgear fabrication, installation commissioning
  • 3X560kW MV switchgear fabrication, installation commissioning
  • BOP (Balance of Plant), Energy Scada Automation, Process Automation PCS7 CPU 410-5H) and installation
  • MV Cubicle network integration
  • Engineering & Installation & Supervising & Commissioning

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